The codebook when it comes to bigger study ended up being based significantly regarding the factors manufactured by Kunkel

Not totally all product that has been taped had been coded. As our focus ended up being on scripted development, we excluded news that free live sex cam chat is daily, game shows, sports shows and occasions, and paid programming, also all kinds of commercials as well as other promotions ( ag e.g., teasers for system programs). Although music videos had been taped, these were coded and analyzed separately for their unique traits and so are perhaps maybe not reported right right here. The analyses delivered in this paper, nevertheless, do are the video that is nonmusic from cable music activity channels including talk programs, variety/comedy shows, and truth programs. In addition, implies that were incomplete since they started before 3:00 p.m. or ended after 11:00 p.m. are not coded. Finally, episode repeats had been eradicated through the test.

The last test for the 2001 2002 season contained 1,276 unique system episodes, whereas the last test for the 2002 2003 period included 1,439 unique system episodes. The test when it comes to second content analysis had been significantly bigger than the very first 12 months’s test that we had three episodes of each nonsyndicated series as we made a concerted effort in year 2 to ensure. Despite strict adherence into the sampling plan, extra taping had been needed whenever, for instance, brand brand new programs entered the autumn lineup following the beginning of the new season to replace for cancelled shows or if the time and time slot for a set ended up being changed.

Measures

The codebook when it comes to bigger study ended up being based considerably in the variables developed by Kunkel and colleagues (1999, 2001, 2003) within their content analyses conducted when it comes to Kaiser Family Foundation. We created extra things, including those on exact exact exact same sex behavior that is intimate sexual talk pertaining to nonheterosexuals. Contrary to Kunkel and peers, who utilized the scene due to the fact unit that is primary of, our content analyses involved coding for intimate content in 2 moment periods of system time. Because scenes differ dramatically in total and, hence, try not to provide a continuing device of measure in making evaluations across programs, we utilized a typical coding product centered on time. Coding media programming in designated time periods has been utilized usually by other scientists conducting content analyses across various program genres including films, soap operas, and music videos (Hazan, Lipton, & Glantz, 1994; Lowery, 1980; Roberts, Christenson, Henriksen, & Bandy, 2002; Roberts, Henriksen, & Christenson, 1999; Sommers Flanagan, Sommers Flanagan, & Davis, 1993; Stockwell & Glantz, 1997; Terre, Drabman, & Speer, 1991).

For purposes of the content analysis, sex had been understood to be any depiction of intercourse, intimately suggestive behavior, or any mention sex or intercourse. To be conservative and prevent overcoding sexual content, communications about intercourse were differentiated from nonsexual messages associated with love and relationships, that have been maybe not coded. As an example, a declaration such as “Everyone loves my boyfriend” wouldn’t be coded whereas a declaration such as “I made like to my boyfriend” will be coded.

exact exact Same intercourse behavior that is sexual

Every 2 moment period that were coded as containing one or more sort of sexual intercourse monitored in the primary coding task flirting, kissing, intimate touching, intercourse suggested, sexual activity depicted, and other intimate behavior 2 had been additionally examined for the existence of exact exact same sex behavior that is sexual. Because of this product, programmers utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the sexual behavior depicted when you look at the period happened between a couple associated with same intercourse.

Mention nonheterosexual intimate problems

Each 2 interval that is minute have been coded as containing a minumum of one example of talk through the intimate talk groups utilized in the key coding task ( e.g., remarks about own/others’ intimate actions or passions, speak about sexual activity which has currently occurred, mention sex crimes) has also been coded for whether some of the intimate talk pertaining to nonheterosexuals. With this product, programmers once once again utilized a yes/no response format to point whether some of the talk that is sexual the intimate passions or issues of nonheterosexual people. Most frequently, such reviews linked to gays and lesbians, although periodically these were connected with bisexuals.